The most common cause is no workflow integration. A model that produces good output in a sandbox but was never wired into the tools your team actually uses changes nothing about the day-to-day, so the value never shows up in the numbers.
The second is no owner. When a pilot is a side project with no one accountable for taking it to production, it drifts after the demo and quietly dies. Someone has to own the path from proof of concept to a system people use.
The third is demo-grade engineering. A build tuned to impress in a meeting often cannot handle real data volume, edge cases, or error handling, so it breaks the moment it meets production conditions.
The fourth is a late security review. A pilot built without security in mind hits the compliance and access review right before launch, and that review kills it because retrofitting security is slow and expensive. A 2025 MIT report from its NANDA initiative found that externally partnered builds reached deployment about twice as often as internal ones, which points to disciplined delivery as the difference.